Lagos releases guidelines on abortion

The Lagos State Government through the Ministry of Health has unveiled a policy document on safe termination of pregnancy.

The 40-page policy document, tagged “Lagos State Guidelines on Safe Termination of Pregnancy for Legal Indications”, sets out guidelines for safe termination of pregnancy within the ambit of the criminal law of Lagos State.

Presenting and launching the document at a stakeholders’ engagement, the Permanent Secretary, Lagos State Ministry of Health, Dr. Olusegun Ogboye, explained that while therapeutic termination of pregnancy is permissible under the law in Lagos State.

He noted that the policy document was borne out of the need to provide evidence-based data and information for health workers in public and private sectors who have the requisite skills and training necessary to provide safe terminations to reduce preventable deaths.

A statement from the Lagos State Ministry of Health quoted Ogboye as saying, “In 2011, the Lagos State House of Assembly updated the criminal code, providing for abortion to save the life and protect the physical health of the woman.  While physical health is covered under the Lagos legal framework, services conforming to the law have not been available in Lagos State health sector.

“This document provides information on relevant laws applicable in Lagos State while providing standards and best practices with regards to legal indications, pre and post procedure care, methods and monitoring. I must state here that this document has undergone wide consultation with relevant technical stakeholders within the legal and health service context in the State.”

Ogboye explained that the process to develop the guidelines commenced in 2018 with the Safe Engage project led by the Lagos Ministry of Health and hosted by the Society for Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Nigeria, with support from Population Reference Bureau.

He added that stakeholders in the Stater health sector worked with key opinion leaders in Lagos and the South-West region to develop a tailored advocacy tool for terminations within the legal context.

He pointed out that the advocacy messages on the Safe Engage project focused on two immediate outcomes including ensuring that safe abortion services were available within legal indications in Lagos and domesticating the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act, supporting women to terminate a pregnancy caused by rape or incest.

He said, “To guide the implementation, one of the follow up recommendations of the project was the adaptation of the National Standards and Guidelines for Safe Termination of Pregnancy within Legal Indications within the Lagos State context. The Federal Ministry of Health had developed and disseminated the national guidelines on safe termination of pregnancy which highlights the compendium of conditions and circumstances under which termination of pregnancy could be instituted.

“The guideline was intended to build the capacity of health professionals to identify pregnancies for which legal termination could be instituted.  Marie Stopes International in Nigeria in collaboration with the Population Reference Bureau proposed to support the State government to adapt the document.”

The Permanent Secretary explained that the process for National guidelines adaptation included technical meetings to discuss sections of the law supporting safe abortion and conditions permitted within the legal framework to save the lives and the physical health of mothers; and validation meeting with the broader stakeholders to review the document.

“All that hand work has culminated in today’s dissemination of the guidelines.  We hope this dissemination today will help guide health providers to provide this service within the ambit of the law,” Ogboye added.

Earlier in his remarks, the Country Director of a leading reproductive health organization, Marie Stopes International Organization Nigeria (MSION), Mr. Emmanuel Ajah stated that abortion in Nigeria is not illegal but restrictive.

Ajah said significant numbers of health providers are unaware of the legal indications for safe termination of pregnancy.

“The domestication of this policy provides that needed guidance to healthcare providers on medical conditions in pregnancy that pose a high risk to the woman’s life and health if the pregnancy progresses to term, and on the standard management of abortion within the extent of the law in Lagos state. This policy is a demonstration of the commitment of the Lagos state government to improving maternal health, especially mitigating the impact of unsafe abortion practices in the State,” he stated.

Vice Chancellor of the University of Medical Sciences, Otukpo, Prof. Innocent Ujah, who was one of the Consultants who developed the document averred that the enunciation, deployment and use of this guidelines will preserve the lives of pregnant women and women whose physical or mental health would be compromised with the continuation of their pregnancies.

Pregnant schoolgirl stabbed to death by teen boyfriend for not aborting his baby

It was the type of romance that could be found in high schools throughout America.

Aaron Trejo, 16, was a football player and Breana Rouhselang, 17, a cheerleader.

They’d known each other since primary school and then, at Mishawaka High School in Indiana, romance had blossomed during training and matches.

One thing the young pair had in common was sport. Trejo was skilled on the pitch and, as well as being a cheerleader, Breana also managed the school’s football team and excelled at softball and basketball. She had plans to study athletic training in college after graduation.

But unlike typical teenagers, Trejo and Breana hadn’t gushed about each other on social media, and many friends and family didn’t even know they were having a relationship despite the fact they were having sex. It seemed like a casual affair, but it was about to get more serious.

Towards the end of 2018, Breana was distracted. Usually studious, her teachers were noticing that her grades were slipping.

Breana had something on her mind – she’d discovered she was pregnant. Torn about what to do, the teen allowed the weeks to go by before she told Trejo about the baby.

By the time Breana revealed her secret to Trejo, she was six months pregnant and was past the 22-week Indiana state cut-off date to have an abortion – so that wasn’t an option.

Although we can’t be sure what Breana was thinking, it would suggest she wanted the baby to be born.

But Trejo was left reeling. He was annoyed that Breana had left it so late. Neither of them were ready to have a baby and they weren’t even going steady.

Now they faced the most grown-up situation of their lives. They talked on and off about what to do. Adoption was on the table but Trejo wasn’t sure how his family would react to that decision. Trejo spent a week coming up with a solution and arranged to meet Breana to put the plan into action.

On Saturday 8 December, Breana told her mum, Melissa Wallace, that she was going to meet Trejo in an alleyway behind their home. They lived a few roads away from each other.

It was a cold night as she headed out around 11pm. Melissa went to sleep but woke up a couple of hours later and realised that her daughter hadn’t returned.

She hurried to Trejo’s house to find out if Breana was there and he said she hadn’t shown up where they’d planned to meet. Trejo said he’d lost his phone so couldn’t even get any messages from Breana explaining where she’d gone.

Melissa called Breana’s other friends and searched the area before calling the police. In the alleyway where Breana and Trejo had arranged to meet, officers found glasses and a hat with blood on – they belonged to Breana. Concern for her wellbeing escalated. Had she been attacked while waiting for Trejo?

The search widened and there was a devastating discovery. In the early hours of 9 December, the body of a young woman was found in a rubbish bin behind the local Pasquale Rulli Pizza restaurant, just a block away from Breana’s home.

A black plastic rubbish bag covered the victim’s head and upper torso – but when it was removed, investigators knew it was Breana.

The youngster had died from multiple stab wounds and her scarf had been tied tightly around her neck revealing that she had also been strangled before her death. Breana’s unborn baby had died, too.

Naturally, Trejo was identified as a potential suspect and was brought in for questioning. He stuck to the same story that he’d given Melissa – and the police when they’d been searching for Breana. But before long, his story changed and he admitted that he’d killed his pregnant lover.

Trejo admitted that he’d been angry with Breana for waiting too late to tell him about the baby, meaning that abortion wasn’t an option.

Trejo thought about killing her for a week, before arranging to meet her. He took a knife from his family home, because he thought it would kill her quickly, and a black plastic rubbish bag. After stabbing Breana he recalled her body dropping to the ground. Trejo put Breana’s body in a dumpster and threw the knife and Breana’s phone as far as possible into a river.

I took action…” Trejo said. “I took her life.”

Trejo was charged as an adult for the murder of Breana and her unborn baby and he pleaded not guilty. He was heading for a trial.

Meanwhile, memorials quickly grew for Breana. Friends and family remembered her as a sweet, genuine girl who wanted to help others. Breana’s family called her unborn baby Aurora. One victim’s life had ended too soon and the other’s hadn’t even been given the chance to start.

In October 2019, Trejo had a surprise change of plea. He pleaded guilty to murder and feticide – the unlawful killing of an unborn baby. He also agreed to waive his rights to appeal a conviction and sentence.

In January 2020, at the sentencing, Trejo’s lawyers referred to his age and lack of maturity when he committed the act at just 16.

Experts testified to say that the student have felt “trapped” by the situation, which caused repressed anger and hostility. But the extreme violence used by Trejo, now 19, and the planning that went into the kill were hard to ignore.

The prosecution said that most people in the court had been 16 at some point and under pressure and they hadn’t thought about killing someone.

The goal of the defendant in this case was to kill the child and Breana was in the way of that so he killed her in order to accomplish that,” they said.

Trejo took the opportunity to make a statement. “There is no excuse for what I’ve done,” he said. “Saying I’m sorry wouldn’t be enough, but it’s all I can give.”

He appeared to be trying to hold back tears but none fell, which prompted Breana’s family to accuse him of having no remorse. Breana’s mum, Melissa, talked about the devastation of losing her daughter and the granddaughter she never got to meet. She spoke about the sense of failure she felt over being unable to protect them.

“Life goes on but for me it’s put on hold until I see her in heaven,” she said tearfully, adding that the day her daughter’s life ended, hers did too.

Classmates talked about the disbelief of having been to school with Trejo without ever imagining he had the capacity to kill one of their own. And Breana’s dad, David, wearing a picture of his daughter around his neck, pushed for a harsh sentence, saying Trejo had no regret for what he’d done.

Trejo was sentenced to 65 years in prison – 55 for Breana and another 10 for their unborn baby. Two lives had been lost in the attack and that was acknowledged. Loved ones in court were dressed in T-shirts that read “Justice for Bre” and had a picture of Breana on the back. They hugged at the news of the long sentence.

The judge said, “You took her life in one of the most savage and violent manners I have seen in my career.” She reiterated that many teenagers feel the same way about an unplanned pregnancy but they do not commit violent crimes like Trejo had done. It was no justification
for his actions. “You had so many other options,” she told him. Trejo could be in his eighties by the time he’s released.

Outside court, Melissa was relieved – but whatever the outcome, it was never going to be a win for the grieving mother.

“I’m glad we got justice for Bre, but no amount of time will ever replace what he took from me,” she said. “It’s like living a nightmare every day.”

Breana had been ready to face up to her responsibilities and find the best solution for her baby. But Trejo wanted all his problems to quickly go away and when he walked to that meeting place with a knife that fateful night, he was making a devastating decision for them all.

Argentina’s Senate approves historic bill to legalize abortion.

Argentina’s Senateapproved a bill to legalize abortion Wednesday in an historic vote seen as a major victory for abortion rights advocates in the Catholic-majority country.

The Senate voted 38-29 to give millions of women access to legal terminations under a new law supported by President Alberto Fernández. The margin was expected to be much smaller.

Massive crowds of abortion rights activists and anti-abortion campaigners gathered outside the Palace of the Argentine National Congress to await the results, which came in the early hours of the morning after an overnight debate. Supporters of the bill greeted the news with loud cheers — and, in some cases, tears of joy.
Gabriela Giacomelli, whose two sisters aborted illegally, called the scene “very emotional.”

“We have been fighting for years,” Giacomelli said. “I see young people now, though I hope they never have to abort, but if they do now they can do it safely.”

Another abortion rights activist, Sofia Gonzalez, said she believed Wednesday was a “historic moment” in Argentina’s history. “Starting today, I believe everything changes,” she added.
The proposed law will legalize abortion in all cases up to 14 weeks of pregnancy. Abortion in Argentina, South America’s third-most populous country, is currently only permitted when a pregnancy results from rape or endangers the life or health of the woman.

In all other circumstances, abortion is illegal and punishable by up to 15 years in jail.

Abortion advocates hope Argentina’s decision will spur similar movements in Latin America’s other Catholic-majority states.

Tamara Taraciuk Broner, the acting deputy director of Human Rights Watch (HRW) Americas Division, said before the vote that if the law passed, it would “send a very strong message to the region that it is possible to move forward with legalization of abortion — even in a Catholic country like Argentina.”

Across Latin America and the Caribbean region, only Cuba, Uruguay, French Guiana and Guyana allow for elective abortions, according to the Center for Reproductive Rights. In Mexico City and the Mexican state of Oaxaca, abortions are also available on request, but are severely restricted throughout the rest of Mexico.

By contrast, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua and Suriname ban abortions in nearly all circumstances. Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala and Panama allow for abortion only if it’s to preserve the woman’s health or help save her life. 

Abortion has long been a divisive issue in Argentina, and the vote galvanized activists on both sides of the debate.

Abortion rights advocates wore green handkerchiefs in a movement that became known as the green wave. Anti-abortion activists dressed in blue — the color of the “save both lives” movement, and that of the national flag.

This isn’t the first time the issue has gone to the Senate. In 2018, during the conservative administration of former President Mauricio Macri, an attempt to legalize abortion in Argentina passed the lower house, but was narrowly defeated in the Senate.

In recent months, the abortion rights movement received a huge boost from the support of President Fernández, who came to power last December.

In a recorded address shortly before his inauguration, Fernández pledged to “put an end to the criminalization of abortion.”

Wearing a green tie — a symbol of the abortion rights movement — Fernández said criminalizing the procedure unfairly punishes “vulnerable and poor women,” adding they were the “the greatest victims” of Argentina’s legal system.

“The criminalization of abortion has been of no use,” he said, noting that it “has only allowed abortions to occur clandestinely in troubling numbers.”

Fernández said more than 3,000 people had died from illegal abortions since 1983. No official figures are available for how many illegal abortions take place in Argentina, but the National Health Ministry estimates that between 371,965 and 522,000 procedures are performed annually.

According to a report from HRW, nearly 40,000 women and children in Argentina were hospitalized in 2016 as a result of unsafe, clandestine abortions or miscarriages.

Citing National Health Ministry data, the HRW report found that 39,025 women and girls were admitted to public hospitals for health issues arising from abortions or miscarriages, and more than 6,000 were aged between 10 and 19.

Experts say the new law will allow 13- to 16-year-olds with normal pregnancies to access abortion services without a guardian. Doctors will have the option to “conscientiously object” to performing abortions, although the law states they will have to find another doctor to do so.

The bill also uses inclusive language acknowledging that not all people who become pregnant identify as women.

Camila Fernandez, a self-identifying transgender woman, who was instrumental in the push for the bill’s language that reads “people with ability to be pregnant,” told CNN that youth and the LGBTQ community were instrumental in challenging an “adult centrist and patriarchal power that has perpetuated privileges and injustices.”

‘Troubling numbers’

The abortion debate has created tension in a country with deep Catholic ties.

Argentina, the birthplace of Pope Francis, has seen a gradual rise in agnosticism in recent years, although 92% of Argentinians still identify as Roman Catholic, according to the CIA.

Argentina’s constitution cements government support for the Catholic Church and recognizes Roman Catholicism as the official religion. However, a 1994 amendment removed the requirement that the president must be Catholic.

In November, Francis weighed into the debate, encouraging the anti-abortion group Mujeres de las Villas to “move forward” with their work.

In a handwritten letter addressed to congresswoman and group intermediary Victoria Morales Gorleri, Francis said “the problem of abortion is not primarily a question of religion, but of human ethics, first and foremost of any religious denomination.”

“Is it fair to eliminate a human life to solve a problem? Is it fair to hire a hit man to solve a problem?” he wrote.

On Saturday, the Church of Argentina called on the Senate to vote against the bill, with Bishop Oscar Ojea, president of the local bishops’ conference and an outspoken opponent of abortion, saying opposition was supported by “medical science and law,” Reuters reported.